For those of you who follow Football, as you are aware it’s that time again when the FIFA World Cup takes place every 4 years. This time the 2018 World Cup is being hosted in Russia and here are the following countries who are competing: Russia, Belgium, England, Sweden, Iceland, Denmark, Spain, Portugal, France, Serbia, Switzerland, Poland, Croatia, Germany, Australia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Japan, South Korea, Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco, Nigeria, Senegal, Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina. You can find more information about the real World Cup in this link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_FIFA_World_Cup
Just for fun I thought I’d stage a Volcano World Cup for the Volcanocafe community based on the 2018 World Cup only that it would be about volcanoes and not Football. Erik Klemetti staged his own Volcano World Cup 4 years ago for his blog, so basically I hijacked the idea off him (sorry Erik it had to be done, haha!).
How it works
The format will run exactly how the 2018 FIFA World Cup does, and the countries will be in their groupings exactly like they are in the real World Cup.
During the group stage you will get a chance to vote for 2 countries in each group who you want to qualify for the knockout stage based on the volcanoes they have.
Then when we get to the knockout stage what I will do for each game is pick a volcano to represent a country and you will vote for whichever country you want to qualify for the next round (much like what Erik Klemetti done 4 years ago).
Oh, and overseas territories will count for a country.
Watch this space in the coming days.
RENÉ GOAD
out of theme.
a question for Tam.
I thought Iceland didn’t belong to EU.
(not a problem for me I live in Europe, but not in EU). lol 🙂
So why volcanocafe has to comply whith the gdbr?
cheers
As a blog who really doesn’t store or deal with much personal data, we probably wouldn’t be under too much scrutiny from anyone regarding our compliance. but as most of our authors, admin team and server locations are all in the EU, I felt it was best to address it.
Its also about where your viewers are from. And there are a lot of those here.
VC is registered in Sweden. But in any case, we are responsible for any personal data that we store for at least our European readers, and they have a right to know what we know.
The legislation requires that any organisation in any country holding personal data about EU citizens must conform to GDPR. As Tam points out, this blog probably falls below the threshold of GDPR, but having names and email addresses on their server *could* be considered personal data if someone wanted to make a legal case out of it.
I would also expect Iceland to be bringing in domestic legislation that complies closely with GDPR as part of the EFTA / EU legal alignment.
Now back to the subject in hand – I hope the volcano world cup won’t require volcanoes from each nation because England’s current volcanoes suck nearly as much as our footballers.
How do you pick the winner – biggest bang for your volcano? This got me thinking – some countries that don’t seem all that volcanic are actually in the running – Spain has the Canaries and France the French West Indies. Fortunately for the other contenders, Indonesia is not involved in the World Cup.
France also has the Puys.
And they’ve got Reunion too…
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And Spain also has the continental volcanic fields of Olot and Campo de Calatrava active with their last eruptions during the Holocene. We must not forget about the massive volcanoes of Iran and Argentina either. But even if Argentina has the longest Quaternary known lava flow it wont stand a chance against Iceland.
Pretty big overflow towards PGV.
Glad You caught that! i’m up late because of clear skies (a rarity here) been staying up until 2am everynight to see if noctalucent clouds form. They haven’t. 🙁 really like seeing them. Quite the flow! Wonder where it will go…. Guy with the rooster is in US visiting family. Best!motsfo
I am surprised that Chile didn’t qualify, they are a pretty good team. If they did then that would be my first choice. But as they didn’t, then I will have to go with Iceland or Japan.
Apparently Indonesia was disqualified before the season started…
Italy is not qualified 🙁 (for the first time in my life…)
We could play to win with our famous volcanoes…
I’m assuming that England will be able.to claim the whole of the UK’s overseas territories?
We’ve got a cracking team, and some great Volcanoes in the South Atlantic and Caribbean.
I’m filled with confidence 😉 honestly.
The UK Overseas Territories certainly are included
Found a video from one of the tour boats that take you to the ocean entry. About 21 seconds in you can see a flash of lightning in the LAZE.
That sort of fits the idea of glass shards being in the laze. They are really good at separating charges and generating a potential difference.
Unlike in the World Cup in Russia, Brazil will be hosed in this competition, unless time travel is allowed.
Likely that Brazil will make the round of 16 given that they actually got volcanoes and that Serbia and Switzerland don’t stand a chance
The only volcano that Brazil has is an island that is listed as ‘uncertain: probably holocene’, I wouldn’t pick Brazil for this one either.
Weird that Brazil covers half of South America but none of the 100+ volcanoes, you would think they would be interested in at least having a bit of the Andes in their border.
Can we bring in Volcanos in former colonies?
Otherwise the only Belgian volcanic feature will be some hot (warm) springs.
Chaudfontaine might be known.
Somewhat confused right now. We have thunderstorms and that makes the Pekingese try to crawl up my arse to hide from it.
The aggravating bit is that I am a poor defense against thunder. Not a thing I can do if lightning comes little buddy.
I understand the fear, you’ve got dog level hearing and whatever it is sounds huge…. and you’re small.
… my species claim to fame is we fell out of the tree. I don’t think I can help you.
NL doesn’t compete this time… :/ But our southern neighbours have my full support!
You may use our Zuidwal volcano! It is buried a bit, but I am sure the Red Devils can find a way using it to roast other teams!
other than in soccer my team hardly can win this contest. Too, sleepy our volcanoes. Am german …. 😉
*football 😜
I used to ace this game. I’d play against two opponents and beat them!
That’s two together, at the same time…!
The dangerous part is standing too close to the table, those rods are right at groin level…
My wrists hurt ….
The SO2 levels from the eruption on the east rift have reportedly almost doubled over the last day, which HVO has said could be associated with a higher eruption rate. If the eruption rate has also doubled then this eruption is now in the same size range as the 1840 event and far higher than any other eruption on the last 70 years.
The only other time I have seen a flow rate even close to 6 million m3/day from any other eruption on Kilauea was for some of the drain back events in 1959… Despite the low fountain this eruption has managed to outdo all of its high fountaining counterparts by a very significant amount.
It doesn’t look like the flow has doubled on the webcam though but it has gotten higher as evidenced by the channel overflows recently. If the SO2 was coming from somewhere other than fissure 8 then really there isn’t much else to do except watch and wait for the next breakout, fissure Z over the highway is not an impossibility with how things have been going there.
If someone told me this year kilauea would have its biggest lava flow in almost 200 years I would have probably said that is basically impossible because there are already two open vents… I remember there was discussion about mauna loa possibly building to an imminent eruption and that kilauea was going to slowly die out like it did in the 1920s. This is kilauea showing its real identity, no more of this ‘safe volcano’ title.
Let’s hope we don’t have to see it when it gets violent, you might as well drop a nuke into it at that point…
Maybe the high fountains haven’t showed up because the intrusion is not pressurized enough, instead of a forcefull intrusion into the rifts this eruption may have some characteristics to share with the Pu’u’o’o event because after all the plumbing system still is in a similar situation and the existing conduit is allowing magma to flow from the summit to the LERZ in a stable way for now. I think the eruption could still go on for some time because of this and as the summit deflation keeps going at steady rate (at least in my opinion) and the middle and upper ERZ still have the potential to deflate further and maybe go trough some pit crater collapses. I am not talking about a new Pu’u’o’o or Mauna Ulu as the vent is too low in the rift and probably wont last longer than a year. Large eruptions are common in the LERZ: 1790 flows covered at least 35 km2 just 50 years before the 1840 eruption and it was probably bigger in volume.
The bit after pu’u was forcefully intruded, it is what set off the big quake. But in that case it probably isn’t as pressurized now as it would have been. I think the height of fountain doesnt have a massive part to do with the amount of lava erupted. Obviously a lot of other eruptions have had higher maximum effusion rates than this one, but fissure 8 has been remarkable in producing 80-110 m3/s of lava continuously for two weeks now, while other eruptions were less steady. Neither mauna ulu or pu’u o’o were as big as this eruption is now at the same age. This eruption is actually already approaching 1/3 the size of the entire mauna ulu eruption, in a bit over a month… I had a theory that the lack of high fountaining is a result of there being several vents inside the crater, going to about 70-80 meters high. If there was one vent then the pressure would be higher and make the lava fountain probably a fair bit taller, not 500 meters but probably well over 150. This happened during one of the eruptions at pu’u o’o in 1983, it opened a fissure on both sides of the cone and maybe that will happen towards the end of fissure 8 as the eruption fluctuates and some vents get blocked, that happened in 1960 as the eruption rate waned the fountains became more violent and jet-like, and increased the height of the cone quite a bit despite the lower eruption rate, and then it just stopped pretty much.
Also I looked at the 1960 tilt record, and it was measured at 1500 microradians, and 1955 was about 1000, only a bit less than the current inflation (1.7 meters is 1700 microradians). In addition, there was a total of about 1 meter of inflation since pu’u o’o started, so this eruption hasn’t even drained out kilauea to the point that it was at when 1955 and 1960 ended yet. This could both mean that the ongoing eruption could either be way bigger still or that it might stop soon and kilauea is still above background level. Both involve a lot more lava in the near future.
The record is on here:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/252411181_Eruption_forecasting_at_Kilauea_Volcano_Hawaii
I agree with you though that this eruption is very unlikely to be the next long term center. This eruption is happening in an area where eruptions are going to be big and fast, the elevation difference between halemaumau and pu’u o’o is about 300 meters, while the difference between pu’u o’o and fissure 8 is about 400 meters and the difference between pu’u o’o and the 1960 eruption is 700 meters, so that might indicate that more lava is erupted closer to the summit area overall and probably in more prolonged eruptions lasting several years or decades (like mauna ulu, pu’u o’o and kane nui o hamo) rather than in rapid lava flood eruptions like the one now.
I would not bet a cent for the Swiss football team.
I am not sure about the efficiency of Gdpr.
I think IT security depends on computer hosting and telecommunication companies. Do they spend enough money on this security?
To find out how my websites got hacked last year (2017), read this article:
94 .ch & .li domain names hijacked and used for drive-by
https://securityblog.switch.ch/2017/07/07/94-ch-li-domain-names-hijacked-and-used-for- drive-by /
in addition, februar 2018 : 800,000 Swisscom customers are victims of data theft …
https://www.rts.ch/info/suisse/9315415-quelque-800-000-clients-de-swisscom-victimes-d-un-vol-de-donnees.html
Conclusion:
Surfing the internet is like climbing the Hekla, there is always a very small risk (lol) 🙂
Every internet reader should know that!
Report on July 7, 2017 incident(from gandi)
https://news.gandi.net/en/2017/07/report-on-july-7-2017-incident/
Good advice that I suspect is often not followed:
Gandi:
We also strongly encourage you to inform your customers of this situation so that they may take whatever action they deem necessary to protect their devices and data as well.
Baekdu is in North Korea. Does South Korea have any volcanoes of interest?
Too bad Greece, Italy, US, Cameroon and Indonesia didn’t make the cut.
South Korea certainly has a couple of volcanoes
Mt halla on jeju island is a very big volcano, although it hasn’t erupted since 1006 so probably not a good choice.
There is also a volcanic field that consists of several very large (Icelandic flood basalt sized) lava flows that were erupted in the first half of the Holocene and a bit before and probably in the future at some point. It also crosses the demilitarised zone so an eruption there would be…interesting…
Again not a likely place for an eruption but still.
I don’t know what actually gives these volcanoes their magma but they are all big and at least one has done a very big eruption, so it must be a robust source. Maybe it is distant back-arc rifting behind the Japan trench?
Is this level of activity at Tambora normal?
Small eruption at Great Sitkin, according to AVO
I will be in on that one,
In theory it is possible that if the newer volcanics province wakes up there could be some very big eruptions. It would also make you a millionaire for voting Australia 😉. The problem is that we won’t know about it at all until a week or less before it happens, and big explosive eruptions will only happen near water.
That being said things could really go big if it happens. Lake purrumbete is one of the biggest maars on earth, I don’t know how big its eruption was but the crater is about 30% bigger than laacher see, which was formed by a VEI 5+ eruption, so the explosions that formed lake purrumbete could have been on the scale of a VEI 6, even if it lacks the volume. Basically krakatoa on land…
Tower hill is maybe even bigger but might partly be a collapse caldera and could have formed in several different eruptions so I’m not sure, it isn’t just a simple maar crater like Wikipedia says though.
Blue lake (the most recent one) is well studied and at least a VEI 4 based on isopach data.
The chance of this happening is really low (about 1 in 500,000 for a given year) but it is also really random so there really isn’t any way to know until it actually happens… The average is about 10000 years between eruptions if you include everything, but that is a maximum as older vents might be buried or not recognised so there could be way more. The average for the last 100,000 years is probably more like every 5000 years so we might be right about due for another one quite soon.
If something does happen though I will definitely go there so it won’t go unnoticed 😉
We also have the 9000ft active volcano of Mt Mawson on Heard Island!
Didn’t Dr Krippner do this for March Madness?
You’d be talking about the Volcano Cup.
In this case, this is the Volcano World Cup which is running parallel with the actual World Cup in Russia.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/141970887@N04/40915983350/
The lava near the vent is really flowing now. I dont know if it is flowing more than before but it looks faster. It looks like a river in flood more than anything else, almost like this picture:
http://glenofscotland.typepad.com/.a/6a00d83451f05a69e2015435c7966f970c-800wi
I think the fountain is lower because there are still 3 or 4 different vents open inside the cone which are all fountaining to about 50-70 meters, so the fountain would probably be a lot higher if there was only one vent. Maybe towards the end of the eruption there will only be one vent and the pressure will cause it to fountain really high for a few days before stopping, a bit like a geyser. From the looks of thing that might not be for a little while though.
Its a bit hard to tell but further from the vent the surface appears to be stationary. Somewhere between there and the vent presumably a lava tube has formed. Hopefully this will end up as an ocean entry causing no more in the way of inundation (if there is anywhere left).
There is already an ocean entry, and no lava tubes will form on a lava flow this fast, it is like expecting solid ice to form on the surface of rapids on a big river, it really doesn’t happen unless it gets really cold. Lava is also a really viscous and very dense liquid so it would probably just break the crust, much more than water will. If you look at the webcam at any point at night (like right now) you can see it is definitely not crusted over in the manner of a lava tube.
There are pictures on that same page showing the lava channel being visibly incandescent during the day all the way from the vent to where the edge of kapoho was. In a day or two the lava channel will reach the ocean directly and a glowing lava river will flow directly into the sea… This flow is almost 13 km long if measured along the middle of the channel too so the fact it can stay open that far is pretty much showing that lava tubes aren’t going to form in it the way it is now.
could it have a tube or diike somewhere nobody is aware of, Lava is just pouring out of it maybe direct feed from the hotspot, just a gut feeling like the universe is showing up us mere mortals, solar wind is very low, no sun spots to speak of, all the planets lining up next month on one side of the sun, looks like there is a lot of pressure on the planets core now from all that
No, the origin is fissure 8. The other points – Beware of pseudoscience.
The sun has nothing to do with volcanoes. The radiation from the sun, if it actually gets through the atmosphere, will go about 1 mm below the surface in extreme cases. The earth emits much more heat than it receives from the sun, it is just not as noticeable because it doesn’t really conduct to the atmosphere as well as sunlight does.
The only way a star would cause volcanism is if the planet was really close to it (there are lots of examples) or if the planet had a elliptical orbit or a resonance with a more distant planet and the star, like Io but bigger. If anyone says the sun has anything to do with this eruption then stop listening to them…
The planets also have almost no gravitational influence on each other. At all. Full stop…
In a lot of other solar systems (like trappist 1 for example) there might be some interaction, but our solar system is one of the most extensive that we know of, most others are composed of multiple very large planets within the distance of Mercury’s orbit, and the inner planets are relatively smaller than a lot of known terrestrial exoplanets so really all of that stuff about planetary alignment is just as BS as the other theory.
Also there is no separate feeding system, this eruption is bigger than some of the past eruptions because there was a lot of magma stored in the upper east rift compared to 1960, which is why pu’u o’o was so long lived. The summit has deflated because there was space that needed to be filled but as far as I know there is no evidence of summit-derived magma actually erupting yet. This isn’t like in Iceland where the rifts go into the mantle, Hawaii is just a very big example of an otherwise normal cluster of shield volcanoes, and all the rift activity is in the upper crust within the body of the volcanoes.
Interesting question: can a star / sun cause volcanism? The answer is yes, but not by light or radiation. That heats the surface and to get volcanism you need to make the interior hotter than the outside. Outside radiation can’t do that. Tidal forces can. Jupiter’s tides are powering the volcanoes on Io. I expect that the Sun similarly caused volcanism on Mercury, although not anymore as the rotation is now locked to the orbit. Typically, a smaller body close to a bigger one is the victim.
In addition to Albert’s comment, our inner planet Mercury is much, much closer to the sun and it has no ‘solar-generated’ volcanism, nor any planetary volcanism, either.
I think this evidence is the ultimate nail in the coffin for sun / volcano psuedoscience.
what about the Carrington event ?
What about it?
That was a major solar flare which if it repeated now could do significant damage to our electronics, cause wonderful auroral displays, and form quite a bit of 14-C in our atmosphere. But it would have no effect below the surface. Only gravity can do that and its tidal forces are not strong enough to affect the earth. It is strong enough to slow down the rotation of the earth a bit but over geological time scales, far too slow to affect volcanic activity. Still, I would prefer if the Carrington event did not repeat!
The radiation from the sun does nothing to the earth to heat it up. If the sun was a 200 solar mass wolf rayet star then maybe it would, but if it was one of those then the earth would be inside it and it would have gone supernova before the solar system really formed.
The answer to everything that links solar effects to volcanism is no.
There are a number of exoplanets that are dense enough to be terrestrial and which orbit close to their stars, and they are believed to be somewhat like a cross between Venus and Io, worlds with extensive volcanism and high surface temperature. They orbit red dwarfs too so the tidal effects will be relatively much higher than for a larger star due to the extreme density of such stars (they have surface gravity of 100s of g’s).
There is aslo an extreme planet that orbits a star called KELT-9. That planet isnt a terrestrial planet, it is about twice the size of jupiter, but it has a surface temperature of 4300 C… The star is also the most massive and luminous star confirmed to have a planet, with a temperature of 10,000 C and about 50 times brighter than the sun. I know that isn’t really volcanism at all but it shows how extreme things can get.
Another way to put it. If the earth was heated enough by the sun to cause volcanism, then it would not be a habitable planet, the so-called ‘habitable zone’ is just the point where the radiation from the star heats the planet enough to have liquid water be stable on its surface (anywhere from 0 to 100 C by solar heating). That directly opposes the sun having anything to do with volcanism by its exact definition as the habitable zone. Even Mercury is far outside the point where the suns radiation would melt its surface. To get to that point you need to be about 0.05 AU or something like that.
Seriously the sun has NOTHING to do with volcanoes, end of story.
Could the rules be stretched to include Denmark under Iceland during this volcano world cup? 😉
Bribing FIFA tends to work.
Does Denmark have any, ahem…
“Blatter” cones?!
Bwahahahaha!!!
Don’t give up the day job )
In that case, Australia is just the eastern island of New Zealand!
Nah other way round m8
Confusing East and West in regards to volcanoes is traditional, see the movie “Krakatoa, East of Java”.
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